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NFS 安装和使用

2022 年 7 月 28 日

环境

  • [x] CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)

服务端安装

# 安装服务
shell > yum install -y nfs-utils

# 创建挂载目录, 并且赋予权限, 该权限同客户端
shell > mkdir /var/nfsshare
shell > chmod -R 755 /var/nfsshare
shell > chown nfsnobody:nfsnobody /var/nfsshare

# 加入启动项并立即启动
shell > systemctl enable rpcbind --now
shell > systemctl enable nfs-server --now
shell > systemctl enable nfs-lock --now
shell > systemctl enable nfs-idmap --now

# 配置挂载的目录, 并且指定IP可访问(如果所有用户可访问则设置为 * )
shell > vim /etc/exports
#粘贴
/var/nfsshare    192.168.0.101(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)  192.168.0.102(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)
/home            192.168.0.101(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)

# 重启服务
shell > systemctl restart nfs-server

# 将服务在防火墙里放行
shell > firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=nfs
shell > firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=mountd
shell > firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=rpc-bind
shell > firewall-cmd --reload

客户端安装

# 安装服务
shell > yum install -y nfs-utils

# 创建挂载目录
shell > mkdir -p /mnt/nfs/home
shell > mkdir -p /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare

# 挂载
shell > mount -t nfs 192.168.0.100:/home /mnt/nfs/home/
shell >  mount -t nfs 192.168.0.100:/var/nfsshare /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare/

# 查看分区
shell > df -kh
Filesystem                    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root        39G  1.1G   38G   3% /
devtmpfs                      488M     0  488M   0% /dev
tmpfs                         494M     0  494M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                         494M  6.7M  487M   2% /run
tmpfs                         494M     0  494M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-home        19G   33M   19G   1% /home
/dev/sda1                     497M  126M  372M  26% /boot
192.168.0.100:/var/nfsshare   39G  980M   38G   3% /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare
192.168.0.100:/home           19G   33M   19G   1% /mnt/nfs/home

设置为开机启动自动挂载

shell > vim /etc/fstab
# 增加
192.168.0.100:/home    /mnt/nfs/home   nfs defaults 0 0
192.168.0.100:/var/nfsshare    /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare   nfs defaults 0 0

强制取消挂载

shell > umount -f -l /mnt/myfolder
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